Elsevier

Molecular Metabolism

Volume 3, Issue 4, July 2014, Pages 372-383
Molecular Metabolism

Review
Circadian control of glucose metabolism

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2014.03.002Get rights and content
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Abstract

The incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has risen to epidemic proportions. The pathophysiology of T2DM is complex and involves insulin resistance, pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and visceral adiposity. It has been known for decades that a disruption of biological rhythms (which happens the most profoundly with shift work) increases the risk of developing obesity and T2DM. Recent evidence from basal studies has further sparked interest in the involvement of daily rhythms (and their disruption) in the development of obesity and T2DM. Most living organisms have molecular clocks in almost every tissue, which govern rhythmicity in many domains of physiology, such as rest/activity rhythms, feeding/fasting rhythms, and hormonal secretion. Here we present the latest research describing the specific role played by the molecular clock mechanism in the control of glucose metabolism and speculate on how disruption of these tissue clocks may lead to the disturbances in glucose homeostasis.

Keywords

Glucose
Diabetes
Circadian rhythm
Hypothalamus
Autonomic nervous system

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